Week 10 Readings

In Architectural Experiments, John Frazer discusses a project launched in 1995 that involved global participation in the virtual environment.  It explored the processes of form generation in regards to architecture and attempted to maintain a balance within the natural environment.  Architectural models which would respond to environmental change were to be created and would also be an exploration of morphogenesis and coding.

The main concept was to have a code script, produced by genetic language that would be used for form formation.  Frazer was required to consider genetic algorithms, when a structural form is coded for a technique. He made it accessible through the internet and encouraged participation to create a vast diversity in the genetic pool.

Three computers were connected and utilised with a master machine handling the evolving model itself. Another computer would be responsible for communicating with the participants and receive information for the environmental sensors. The third generated images and animations of the evolving form. 

In Parametrics Explained, Leach defines and differentiates parametric and algorithmic design. He begins with parametric design, describing its placement in the design community. Its use within mathematical design meant that it was defined as working within a certain range. Within contemporary design its implementation is focused towards modelling software to replicate and customise geometric objects. Parametric design can also implement curvilinear design as parametric design involves form manipulation.

Algorithmic design refers to the techniques and procedure to form the design solutions. Specifically in terms of design, algorithms are used for scripting language in a form of code. Programming software’s such as RhinoScript and 3dsMaxScript would implement this type of algorithmic design.

Leach indulges in his belief that parametric design is being adapted to fit in with architectural expression and aesthetics. As digital design becomes more tolerated and common place, the definition between the two types of design become somewhat blurred.

Through popularity and a wide spread adoption of the techniques, a new term “parametricism” has emerged. It could be noted that both Leach and Frazer embrace the technology and seek to refine and to some extent redefine the identity of computational design.

Readings:

Frazer, John (1995), “Architectural Experiments,”* in The Digital Turn in Architecture 1992-2012, edited by Mario Carpo (2013): 4856.

Leach, Neil, “Parametrics Explained”*, in Scripting the Future, Tongji UP, 2012